Early blacksmiths were called upon to mediate disputes and perform religious rites. Similar metalworking techniques evolved throughout the Eastern Hemisphere as ideas were shared …

o A blacksmithis someone who forges with iron. o They are called “blacksmiths” because iron’s surface is usually covered with a black oxide, which is a kind of rust.

Blacksmiths work by heating pieces of wrought iron or steel, until the metal becomes soft enough to be shaped with hand tools, such as a hammer, anvil and chisel.

HAMMERS For everyday forging, blacksmiths use ball-peened hammers varying from lb. to 3 lb. in weight. Some prefer short hafts and some very long ones, but it is vital to have a hammer …

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As California’s population exploded with the Gold Rush, so did the need for blacksmiths. into tools for the miners. He also supplied parts for wagons, harnesses, farm equi ent and mining …

Blacksmiths who remained in the “industry” either were engaged in high value services that required special skills – repairing a specialized for example – or else worked within remote …